May 9, 2025. By Rashmi Deshmukh.
Pregnancy is a time of joy and anticipation, but it is also a period of significant physical changes. As an expectant mother, you experience the many changes of pregnancy. It’s crucial to focus not only on your physical health and the well-being of your growing baby but also on maintaining good oral health. While many women are familiar with the need for prenatal care, an often-overlooked aspect of this care is dental health. The relationship between pregnancy and periodontal health is crucial; you must actively seek dental care and maintain regular dental visits throughout pregnancy. In fact, the American Pregnancy Association and the American Dental Association both recommend regular dental visits during pregnancy to maintain oral health.
Periodontal disease — an infection of the gums and structures that support the teeth — is a serious concern during pregnancy. A growing body of research shows that pregnancy can exacerbate certain oral health conditions, especially in women who may already be prone to gum disease. Increased hormone levels, particularly estrogen and progesterone, can make the gums more sensitive, inflamed, and prone to infection. This is why many pregnant women experience a condition known as “pregnancy gingivitis,” characterized by swollen, bleeding gums. While this is common and typically resolves after childbirth, the underlying risk of more severe periodontal disease remains if oral hygiene is not maintained.
Moreover, untreated periodontal disease during pregnancy has been linked to more serious complications, including preterm birth and low birth weight. Studies suggest that the bacteria associated with periodontal disease may travel through the bloodstream, potentially leading to inflammation that affects the pregnancy. While the exact mechanisms are still being studied, the correlation is strong enough to warrant concern and action.
By making dental visits a priority during pregnancy, you can help reduce the risk of pregnancy complications and ensure healthier outcomes for both yourself and your baby. A comprehensive approach to prenatal care includes not only monitoring the growth and development of the baby but also safeguarding your overall well-being — and that includes your oral health.
Unfortunately, many pregnant women neglect dental care due to misconceptions about the safety of dental treatments during pregnancy or fear of harming the baby. It’s common to feel apprehensive about dental visits during pregnancy, but there’s no need to be afraid. Dental care is safe and essential for your well-being and your baby’s health. Modern dentistry takes every precaution to ensure your comfort and safety during treatment. Make dental visits part of your pregnancy routine to safeguard both your gums and your growing baby. Talk to your doctor about scheduling a dental check-up today. Don’t let fear stand in the way of protecting your oral health — make that appointment and take one more step toward a healthier pregnancy! Your gums, your smile, and your baby will thank you.
Rashmi Deshmukh
UNC Adams School of Dentistry, Class of 2025
2024-2025 NCOHC Schweitzer Fellow